Ulugh Beg's Observatory
Timur's grandson governed Samarkand and cared more about astronomy than governing. He built a three-storey observatory around a marble arc 130 feet across, sunk into a trench in the hillside, and with it his astronomers measured the length of the year to within about 25 seconds of the modern figure — by naked eye, two centuries before the telescope. Their star catalogue was the most accurate since Ptolemy. Ulugh Beg was murdered on his son's orders in 1449, and religious conservatives razed the observatory; its foundations were only rediscovered in 1908.
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